The approaches include the use of existing reference levels, reference directions, and reference levels based on nonlinear functional relationships, baselines, or social norms.
The choices to be made during the platform selection phase heavily depend on research directions and reference application scenarios in terms of network type and size, expected users, and budget.
The work here is motivated by the resent works [5 10] in this direction and references therein.
Diffusion sensitivity (b1=1000 s/mm) was applied sequentially in the x, y and z gradient directions, and a reference image without diffusion sensitivity (b0≈0 s/mm) was acquired.
The diffusion-weighted imaging protocol was performed with the following parameters: TE = 80 ms, TR 8,300 ms, acquisition matrix 128 × 128 voxels, 74 axial slices, yielding voxel size of 1.7 mm × 1.7 mm × 1.7mm, BW = 2,003 Hz/pixel, diffusion weighting at a high b = 1,000 s/mm along 60 directions, and six reference volumes at zero b-value acquired one every 10th high b-value acquisition.
Progress has been made in this direction and effective reference methodologies for an accurate characterisation and comparison of TERS probes have been reported [29, 101, 122].
We evaluated the (1) d = (observed direction ⊖ direction reference ) · w. w is a special weight avoiding artifact due to borders; for example, the weight (w) was set to 1 for letter in the center and 1.6 = 8/5 for letter near the border.
Three repetitions had been performed for each direction of motion and reference position.
According to Mayr's model [ 4], herring gulls originated in the Aralo-Caspian region, from where gulls spread in a number of different directions (see Figure 1A and reference [ 8]).
The mass media in Hangzhou directly brings updated foreign and domestic fashion information, and guide the direction and provide references for new fashionable styles rather than receiving fashion information from Hong Kong or Guangzhou.
Afterward, a number of papers have reported on fixed point theory with applications to ordinary differential equations via the concept of α-admissible mapping in various directions (see [17 22] and references therein).
