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Whereas, at the 2nd stage, the Kalman filter is adopted in the time direction to estimate and predict the desired channel state information.
The other formulation, corresponding to Bauer's formula [13], allows executing a Root-MUSIC algorithm in the elevation direction to estimate the elevation angle for each estimated azimuth angle.
To reduce correlation noise, ASTER VNIR bands were linearly mixed to match the SPOT Panchromatic band, and raw correlation measurements were projected onto a local robust migration direction to estimate unbiased velocity magnitudes.
Three LVDTs in parallel were installed around the perimeter of the specimen in the loading direction to estimate the average compressive strain, with the gage length of approximately 90 mm. Figure 6a shows the compressive stress strain curves of the HPFRCC and normal concrete acquired after 28 days of curing.
This registration used the computed fieldmap, EPI echo time and phase encoding direction, to estimate and unwarp the signal displacement induced in functional images by local magnetic field variation.
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Then the snowdrift on a long-span membrane roof is simulated, the snow shape factor is given under different wind directions to estimate the worst load case.
In theory, only 6 non-colinear directions are required to estimate the main direction of diffusion, and several studies have previously used 16 directions or less to accurately perform tractography analyses in clinical populations (Kunimatsu et al., 2003, Nelles et al., 2008, Pagani et al., 2005, Yamada et al., 2004).
Firstly, solve a 1D direction finding problem to estimate the first parameter α and get the information about the second parameter β.
Secondly, solve another several 1D direction finding problems to estimate β based on the rows extracted from the signal matrix and the corresponding α can be obtained from the row number.
Since information can be passed between each pair of users in either direction, we need to estimate (N^2) parameters, where N is the number of total users in the network.
However, we consider another definition of 2D DOA [16] in this paper, as given in Figure 2b or (∠ A O C,∠ A O D) in Figure 2a, where the purpose of direction finding is to estimate the two angles between the incoming signal and x-axis or y-axis, respectively.
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