The extent and direction of the selection process is, however, different across countries.
The direction of the selection will likely depend on multiple factors such as abundance and type of predators and food availability.
Ignoring the indirect genetic effect (IGE) of an individual on the phenotype of its group mates may result in a reversal of the direction of the selection response.
It is difficult to assess the direction of the selection bias while we lack information about the non-participants' risks factor pattern and CVD status [ 4].
However, changing proportions in the non-married and married population is a too vague indication of the changing direction of the selection.
The later studies have suggested that the intensity and direction of the selection could differ among small populations [ 37] and lead to speciation.
The evolution of optimal body shapes in this case would require the evolution of allometric covariation structure [ 33], so that the direction of the selection gradient caused by predation and that of allometries would become aligned [ 65].
Fifth, we predicted simple changes in latent externalizing behavior problems, which should reverse the direction of the selection bias due to child differences if the effects are due to residual confounding associated with initial antisocial behavior.
Protecting Colombia's abundant biodiversity should be a conservation matter of global importance, and our approach contributes to identifying potential directions for the selection of conservation priorities in Colombia.
