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Solutions are therefore dependent on the magnitude of applied loads and the direction of resulting internal member forces (whether they are compression or tension).
It is difficult to predict the direction of resulting bias.
Though this potential misclassification would most likely be non-differential, it is not possible to completely predict the direction of resulting bias on the effect estimates.
Because this sampling method may also favor inclusion of patients who are more likely to utilize QECH during illness, the likely direction of resulting bias would be an underestimation of our main finding, namely that ART patients often utilize other health care facilities than their own clinic.
Similar(56)
To assess the strength of causal inferences reported in randomized and nonrandomized evaluations of quality improvement (QI) interventions in relation to the study design and the direction of results for the primary outcomes.
Similarly, for lung cancer, the strength and direction of results did not changed significantly after excluding one study [112] that scored 6.0.
The motives for citing a paper are domain-specific; they may be affected by geographic location of authors and citers, number of authors, direction of results, and the length of a paper and potentially other factors as well [14], [15], but qualitatively they are almost chaotic to investigate in detail [16] [18].
Further, we looked at the way the significance of the results of the studies in each cohort were investigated (i.e. direction of results and whether the study considered a p-value ≤0.05 as definition of significance and where there were no statistical tests whether the results were categorised as negative, positive, important or unimportant).
The single direction of results allowed use of the one-tailed test.
Some studies have indicated that full publication is associated with the direction of results (publication bias).
The direction of results will largely depend on the context [ 19- 22].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com