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Exact(51)
One of the first functions to be expressed in navigating animals is the directional tuning of the head direction cells [ 8, 9].
In contrast to grid cells, head direction cells continued to show the same directional tuning in the two compartments, regardless of experience.
Finally, the coherent drift of head direction cells in rat pups is reminiscent of the maintenance of directional relationships among cell pairs in adult animals [ 14, 18].
For example, there are direction cells, which fire when we are facing a particular direction; place cells, firing only in particular locations in our environment; and grid cells, which fire at regular space intervals as we move about.
Mammals have similar "head direction cells" but this is a first for flies.
However, this is not necessarily true behaviourally, and head direction cells may not code for motion direction [35].
Similar(9)
"Place cells" provide an internal map of space; "head-direction cells" signal the direction we are facing, similar to an internal compass; and "grid cells" chart out space in a manner akin to latitude and longitude.
While place cells represent the animal's current location, head-direction cells provide information about the animal's current heading, independent of its location.
Whereas layer II was predominated by grid cells, grid cells colocalized with head-direction cells and conjunctive grid × head-direction cells in the deeper layers.
Head-direction cells in the pre- and parasubiculum have adultlike properties from the beginning.
These head-direction cells track bats in three dimensions as they manoeuvre.
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