In that position, he directed programs for the medical care and research involving the space shuttle astronauts, and oversaw early research in extraterrestrial biology.
A well known historian whose work is archived at the New York Public Library and Tel Aviv University, she also established the healthcare component of Project Head Start and directed programs for the elderly.
Dr. Calingaert began his career as a researcher at the RAND Corporation and later directed programs for the Civic Education Project to reform social science education at universities across Eastern Europe and Eurasia.
Abdirahman Mukhtar, who directs programs for Somali youth in Minneapolis, responded to a question from Senator Susan Collins by acknowledging that the alleged terrorist recruitment had caught his community off-guard; they had enough on their plate just trying to grapple with local gangs, he said.
Ms. Germain, who formerly directed programs in Bangladesh for the Ford Foundation, said women's groups there and in India and Nepal were raising similar warnings about the folly of ignoring social attitudes.
In a statement, Joe Walston, who directs programs in Asia for the Wildlife Conservation Society, which is working with the Thai government on tiger conservation projects, noted that the push against poachers has come at a significant cost.
As head of Bell Labs, he was responsible for directing programs that led to such technological wonders as the laser, digital computing, cellular telephones, and superconducting magnets.
The bridegroom's mother directs programs in mathematics and science for the Detroit public schools.
She has directed the program for North Star: Self-Directed Learning for Teens for nine years, where she has the pleasure of supporting teens who prefer to pursue their educations outside of traditional schooling.
After teaching anthropology at the University of Denver and Bennington College in Vermont, Mr. Hall directed a program for the Foreign Service Institute in Washington designed to help State Department employees negotiate cultural differences when they took on overseas assignments.
