Exact(20)
The fraction of the direct flux seen by the observer: see for more details.
The model is tested against direct flux measurements carried out over a number of years in Vancouver, Canada and Los Angeles, USA.
This instrument is designed to measure at different time intervals the scattered flux or the sum of direct flux and scattered flux in UVA (315 400 nm) and NIR (700 1100 nm) bands.
This description of smoothness is then used to reduce the number of direct flux computations as well as the expensive high-order ENO (essentially nonoscillatory) reconstruction both of which are now performed only near discontinuities.
Based on the mass transport resistance network connecting the multiple molecular transport processes in direct flux and surface flux, a theoretical model that captures the pressure dependence of permeation flux is established, offering a possible avenue to predict the mass transport rates through the two-dimensional nanopores.
We show that the combination of the linear pressure-dependent direct flux, governed by the kinetic motion of gas molecules, and the nonlinear pressure-dependent surface flux, caused by the Langmuir isothermal adsorption characteristics of gas molecules on the two-dimensional surfaces, results in an overall nonlinear pressure dependence of the gas permeation flux through graphene nanopores.
Similar(40)
Such brownian ratchet mechanisms, which are believed to account for the behaviour of some motor proteins10, all require detailed balance to be broken to allow a net, directed flux of particles.
Flux vector splitting algorithms for the Euler equations are based on dividing the mass, momentum and energy fluxes into a "forward directed flux" F+ and a "backward directed flux" F− (with F-="0 for Mach numbers M>1 and F+="0 for M<−1).
Both the Okhotsk Sea and western equatorial Pacific are within a region of outward directed flux in the persistent non-axial-dipole (NAD) field, and the synchronous inclination shifts may have been caused by a larger contribution of the NAD field when the GAD was weaker.
The synchronous inclination shifts associated with decreased paleointensity may be explained by a larger contribution of the SCOR field proposed by Hoffman and Singer (2008) when the GAD was weaker; both the Okhotsk Sea and western equatorial Pacific are within a region of outward directed flux in the persistent NAD field.
Both the Okhotsk Sea and western equatorial Pacific are within a region of outward directed flux in the 1590 1990 time-averaged non-axial-dipole (NAD) field, which extends from Europe and Asia to the south of Australia (Hoffman and Singer 2008; Constable and Korte 2015).
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