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Improvements in present day direct calculations mostly concern the loading conditions to be analyzed.
Direct calculations of interaction energies are possible for solutes – K, Na and Sc – that lower the Mg prismatic stacking fault energy to improve formability.
These synthetic magnitudes enable direct calculations of the meteor's photometric flux within the camera bandpass without requiring any assumptions of its spectral energy distribution.
The more accurate predictions provided by the direct calculations methods show that the actual hull girder reliability in sagging is significantly smaller.
Fundamental to this is the determination of the design loads to support the Rule requirements and for application in direct calculations.
Tests on the stability of the method are presented, along with comparisons with direct calculations, the namd2 code, and the physical multipole-based cell-multipole method.
For random distributions of waviness, the predictions using this engineering approach are in good agreement with the direct calculations of strength using the finite element method.
These results obtained from direct calculations are reproduced with a remarkable accuracy from a linear scaling fragmentation scheme called the kernel energy method (KEM).
The frequency evolution of the damped cable was studied using direct calculations on the signals, the windowed Fourier transform and Morlet wavelets.
Ships are designed on the basis of classification society rules on one hand, direct calculations on the other, or by means of special computer programs, developed by classification societies, such as SafeHull, Shipright or Poseidon, or combining the two.
By direct calculations we obtain (e).
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