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The results of focus group discussions showed that a number of factors influenced the success of government initiated tick control programs and these included inconsistent supply of acaricides, unaffordable dipping fees, lack of water, long distance to the dip tank, lack of information on dipping procedures and lack of knowledge on strategies for delaying acaricide resistance.
For this study, a dip tank is considered a whole herd because animals in a particular dip tank interacted extensive during grazing and dip tank inspections, and usually 1 herdsman was in charge of multiple stock cards.
Animals selected for testing were chosen randomly from a list of stock cards at each dip tank.
Topping up of a dip tank can use a slightly higher replenishment concentration rate (see subsequent recommendations for deltamethrin).
We calculated the bovine tuberculosis status and 95% CI per dip tank assuming a binomial distribution of the data (Table 1).
Farmers in the study area are assigned and registered to a particular dip tank by the agricultural authorities by a stock card system.
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In the paint shop vehicles do ten somersaults through dip tanks to ensure each coat is applied without trapping air that can cause imperfections.
Approximately 12,000 cattle live within the Mnisi area with 15 dip tanks, where the national government provides veterinary extension services and which represent epidemiologic units for sampling.
Dipping was not done because of the following; (i) breakdown of the dip tanks, (ii) water scarcity and (iii) high costs of tick control due to cessation by the Tanzanian Government to provide free acaricides to farmers.
Among the 9 cattle, 4 animals were classified as bovine tuberculosis reactors on the basis of the IFN-γ assay response (9 ), 1 each in 4 of the 15 dip tanks.
During August 2012 February 2013, a total of 1,166 cattle at the 15 dip tanks in the study area were tested for bovine tuberculosis by using the comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CIDT).
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