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In control cells, both acute (minutes) and chronic (5 hr) application of latrunculin-B, an inhibitor of actin polymerization, reduced the dimensions of spine heads and caused a loss of GFP-actin from spines, as reported previously [40].
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The small dimensions of spines (∼500 nm in diameter) make super-resolution methods ideally suited to image the morphology of spines at much greater detail than that achieved by conventional fluorescence microscopy.
Given the high spatial resolution of PALM microscopy we could measure the dimensions of spines in great detail as revealed by intensity profiles across different dendritic structures (Fig. 2C).
We did not observe any correlation between the dimensions of the spine head and the length and thickness of the spine neck (Fig. S1), suggesting that these parameters are regulated independently [23]).
Spine head width was defined as the maximum dimension of the spine head, whereas spine length was defined as the distance from the base of the spine neck to the tip of the spine head.
A systematic multi-objective fuzzy optimization procedure to design the optimum dimensions of a conical convective spine is presented in this paper.
For all measurements of spine density or dimensions, at least 2 well isolated apical dendrites were used per neuron.
Precise quantification of spine morphology in three dimensions (3D) is essential to understanding the structural determinants of normal neuronal function, its development, plasticity, and its dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders.
In summary, our findings underscore the multiple dimensions involved in surgeon-patient disagreement about subjective outcomes of spine surgery.
Another possibility is that the filaments' lengths are much smaller than the dimension of the whole spine, in which case kinetic turnover could result in treadmill without resistance, and would not lead to kinematic motion of the actin units in the filaments.
The assumption that reduced cross-sectional area (computed from anteroposterior and mediolateral dimensions) of lumbar vertebrae will predispose to spine fractures, was the basis for this study.
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