The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) self-report includes 20 items comprising six subscales reflecting major dimensions of depression (depressed mood, feelings of guilt and worthlessness, feelings of helplessness and hopelessness, psychomotor retardation, loss of appetite, and sleep disturbances).
It includes 20 items reflecting major dimensions of depression: depressed mood, feelings of guilt and worthlessness, feelings of helplessness, psychomotor retardation, loss of appetite, and sleep disturbance.
A 20-item measure comprising six scales reflecting major dimensions of depression: depressed mood, feelings of guilt and worthlessness, feelings of helplessness and hopelessness, psychomotor retardation, loss of appetite, and sleep disturbance experienced in the past week.
These measures include the following: This measure includes twenty items comprising six scales reflecting major dimensions of depression: depressed mood, feelings of guilt and worthlessness, feelings of helplessness and hopelessness, psychomotor retardation, loss of appetite, and sleep disturbance experienced in the past week.
We conducted a multiple linear regression model analysis to identify the association between physical activity and dietary intake of B vitamins and the psychological dimensions of depression including depressive affect, somatic complaints, positive affect, and interpersonal difficulties.
17 The underlying structure of the CES-D consists of four dimensions of depression: seven items measure depressed affect, four items measure positive affect, two items measure interpersonal difficulties and seven items measure somatic symptoms.
Other authors have proposed that motor retardation reflects a fundamental dimension of depression [ 4, 10].
One substantial dimension of depression comprises the psychosocial difficulties (PSDs) which people experience.
In summary, the R-SMS-DS was shown to pick up on the same underlying depression as the PHQ-9, in particular the affective dimension of depression.
This study has demonstrated that the self-report R-SMS-DS depression item used in the ACUDep trial was a valid measure of the affective dimension of depression in this study population.
Estimated by means of the single-parameter Rasch model, the locations (item parameters) of the theoretical range of the latent dimension of depression at which the prevalence of items can be placed are illustrated in the tables.
