This is a root cause of the disinformation problem, and is viewed by many as the simplest of the digital giants' offenses to regulate and a good starting place for legislators.
Discussing efforts to improve the Pentagon's tools for digital defense and offense, General Dempsey said the military must be "able to operate at network speed, rather than what I call swivel-chair speed".
For companies looking to successfully ward off digital disruption, they have to play offense.
Digital transformation is, in effect, the only offense against potential disrupters.
And in a digital world, in which a company's offense or defense branding strategies are vulnerable to anyone looking for pretense, it's even harder.
It also expanded the length of time for which police can conduct digital surveillance of individuals suspected of national security offenses without requiring judicial authorization.
With comprehensive digital memories all around us, forgetting one another's offenses becomes more difficult; through our digital tools we'll be alerted to all that we thought we had forgotten.
But those who consider it their fiduciary responsibility to play offense against known and unknown competitors want to truly peel back the natively digital onion, layer by layer.
The Gas Squad handed out 200 violations last year for a range of offenses, including miscalibrated gauges, signs that did not clearly show prices, and broken digital readers.
Every major metropolitan newspaper, confronted with the digital revolution that Shirky describes, has essentially adopted the same strategy — about eighty percent defense, twenty percent offense, with a bottom-line protecting emphasis on cutting costs to align with declining revenue.
