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However, it should be noted that the faster reaction rate arises solely from the fact that the intermediate metabolites have a higher probability to hit the next enzyme within the next diffusion steps in the simulation but are still allowed to diffuse away.
With this method, it was found possible to measure the surface diffusion steps of adatoms and the corresponding adsorption capacity.
Using electron probe micro analysis (EMPA), elemental composition profiles were obtained from the samples following the diffusion steps.
Afterward, in order to reduce the sending process time, permutation and diffusion steps for any pixel are performed in the same time.
The effect of Ba on the electrochemical mechanism is associated with a promotion of the bulk diffusion steps at high frequency.
The two other time constants, at medium frequencies and low frequencies, have been attributed to O2−2 dissociation and diffusion steps, respectively.
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Furthermore, resources diffuse by Margolus diffusion [ 37], by default one diffusion step per time step.
The relative intensity of replicative to diffusive mixing can be estimated, given that a single Toffoli-Margolus diffusion step (D = 1) represents 4 site swaps per replicator per generation, whereas replicative movements result in an average of 0.2 swaps per replicator in each generation (because the death rate of replicators is constant – p d = 0.2 – a nd replicator densities are stationary).
Then, a diffusion step is used to form the p1 and p2 layers simultaneously by diffusing the wafer from both sides.
Finally two experiments were designed for a mechanistic investigation of the diffusion step.
The intraparticle diffusion studies revealed that the adsorption rates were not controlled solely by the diffusion step.
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