Sentence examples for diffusion of professional knowledge from inspiring English sources

Similarly, Fournier argues that the diffusion of professional knowledge to the consumer has eroded the boundary between professionals and clients/lay persons [ 18].

Fig. 1 Model of professional knowledge of laboratory tasks used for item development.

This kind of professional knowledge is also very important for planners.

In qualitative methods, scores are assigned to factors on the basis of professional knowledge.

However, ARIZ is a higher skill demanding large amount of professional knowledge for ordinary designers whose design skill were restricted by their insufficient professional knowledge and personal experience.

Self-evaluation of professional knowledge, values and skills contribute to the professional's self-concept [ 38].

Three main issues are at stake: the interface between science (in this case, the educational research) and technology (the practical knowledge used by teachers), the low level of codification, which hampers the access to and the expansion of the professional knowledge base and the incentive problems posed by the need for knowledge and innovation diffusion across classrooms and schools.

Assessment of teachers' professional knowledge and skills often is based on Shulman's (1986) description of teacher knowledge, which comprises general pedagogical knowledge, subject matter knowledge, curricular knowledge, and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK).

For the design of PROKLAS, professional knowledge was classified as declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge.

The conceptualisation of teachers' professional knowledge was introduced by Shulman (1986) who differentiated – among other components – between content knowledge (CK), pedagogical knowledge (PK), and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK).

However, correlations between the two components of teachers' professional knowledge are plausible.