Memon et al. [ 70] believed that carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum contributed to the mechanical diffusion of bacteria inside the peritoneal cavity, but experimental proof of this is lacking.
The control of bacterial cell death and lysis is supposed to be an important mechanism in cell differentiation and development of bacteria inside biofilms as well as for diffusion of bacteria into the environment.
Use of barium as a cross-linker greatly reduced the diffusion of bacteria from the microparticles.*, **, *** and **** p < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA with Tukey Simultaneous Tests for means with unequal variance compared to Ca-Alg and Ca-Alg + 10%% Glycerol microparticles on days 1, 3, 5 and 7, respectively.
The only exceptions are the diffusion coefficients D M R, D M A, and D F which were estimated by Pigozzo et al. [ 42] and the diffusion coefficient of bacteria D A based on the work of Haessler and Brown [ 62].
The constant A depends on the concentration of bacterial cells, the diffusion coefficient of bacteria, and the geometry of the protein pore [26], and given the close geometric resemblance of E. coli and P. aeruginosa, we consider it similar for the two types of bacteria to a first approximation.
The last term of this equation represents the diffusion of the bacteria in the lung tissue where D A is the bacteria diffusion coefficient.
The model involves five components (oil, water, bacteria, nutrient and metabolites), with adsorption, diffusion, chemotaxis, growth and decay of bacteria, nutrient consumption, permeability damage and porosity reduction effects.
Generally, the antimicrobial behavior is due to the diffusion of nanoparticles into the bacteria resulting in the damage of cell membrane [55].
The development of resistance in bacteria and diffusion of coated synthetic preservatives into food are the major problem in food packaging industries.
However, in gram-negative bacteria the diffusion of a given antibiotic agent depends on the permeability of the outer membrane.
Therefore, the wide diffusion of tellurite-resistance mechanisms among bacteria is not surprising, and they might include an aspecific increase of the radical scavenger systems and specific tellurite anion transporters [ 42].
