Pressure-driven mass flow from the inter-conduit spaces to the ambient air will rise if gas diffusion from the conduits to the inter-conduit air phase raises the gas pressure within the stem above atmospheric.
CO2 is driven out from the conduits by diffusion and further from inter-conduit air spaces to ambient air by diffusion, and also possibly during the freezing process by pressure-driven mass flow.
They hope that, through their photographs, Supay Fotos will become a conduit for the diffusion and interpretation of Peruvian culture.
In addition, foreign direct investment (FDI) is considered as one of the major conduits of technology diffusion across borders since the inflow of FDI contains knowledge about new technologies and materials, production methods, or organizational management skills (Bodman and Le 2013).
Accordingly, it will be useful, in future work, to examine changes in internal root, stem and leaf anatomy, including the formation of aerenchyma (the snorkel-like conduits for gas diffusion; Kordan 1974) in response to rising floodwater and their contribution to leaf photosynthesis, plant respiration and root aeration as possible flood-avoidance traits.
The simulation of vapor flow by advection and diffusion was only approximate because open conduits were approximated by a porous medium with high permeability.
First, the concentration of gases can be expected to be higher in large than in small conduits due to lower diffusion efficiency.
The ratio of dispersion coefficient in a conduit with porous walls to that in a conduit with non-porous walls recognizes three distinct transport regimes of diffusion-dominated, transition, and advection-dominated.
But, with the use of sharp microneedles, the diffusion of the fluorescent molecule through the conduits over time seemed to deeply penetrate the epidermis and the dermis.
The increased concentration of the dissolved gases leads to 'competition' between two processes: diffusion of the dissolved gases out from the conduit to air spaces inside the stem and bubble nucleation.
