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An advantage means that the item difficulty is lower for this group than for the other group.
Moreover, we assume that the positive effect of item difficulty on test-taking disengagement is weaker for more able test-takers because the relative item difficulty is lower for them.
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For experts, Discomfort and Difficulty were lower in Laparoscopic and increased in Robotic, while for Novices they stayed the same or decreased.
Also, relative to the control condition, perceived difficulty was lower for all experimental conditions (all Z>2.6, all P<.01) except the fiction-interactive condition (P>.05).
However, for the traveling item, the item difficulty was lower logit than other studies; it indicated the functional limitation was more prominent in Chinese for traveling.
The authors found that a significantly greater number of appropriate decisions were made in the intervention group than the control group at post-intervention and, as indicated previously, that difficulty was lower [ 17 ] (Table 4 ).
In Cambodia, Ethiopia, Hyderabad and Kenya, Total Difficulties were lower for older children.
aOR is interpreted as the odds relative to the ISO-PF group (for example, compared to those people with ISO-PF, people with COMB have 2.4 times the odds of having knee effusion; compared with ISO-PF, those with no ROA have 0.45 times the odds of difficulty descending stairs, that is, lower risk).
Additionally, the highest item difficulty value was lower than the highest person ability value (2.76, 2.59 and 3.91 for second, third, and fourth graders, respectively).
The maximum item difficulty value was lower than the maximum person ability value in the TRC-e-3, meaning that none of the items was excessively difficult for the third graders.
Total Difficulties scores on the Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire were lower (better) in institution-living than community-living OAC (weighted difference −0.78, 95% CI [−1.18, −0.38]).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com