Exact(1)
Although we may be underestimating the percentage of foreign-born persons involved in recent transmission (because of the difficulty in surveying this highly mobile population), most cases in persons from countries of origin with high TB endemicity are likely to have been caused by reactivation of TB.
Similar(59)
The understanding of these processes in a wide alpine area is often hindered by difficulties in their surveying.
The difficulty in undertaking this survey and the length of time required to extract these data highlights the complexity of obtaining an organization-wide assessment of research activity.
Eleven respondents acknowledged difficulty in answering our survey, in that their responses to a number of questions would depend on the type of chiropractor under consideration: " Obviously not all [chiropractors] are the same...This questionnaire relates to the majority of [chiropractors], not all".
The difficulty in undertaking this survey highlights the complexity of obtaining an Organization-wide assessment of research activity in the absence of common standards for research classification, methods for priority setting and a mechanism across WHO, or within the governance of global health research more generally, for managing a research portfolio.
These include: 1) respondent difficulties in understanding survey questions, 2) problems in recalling the information necessary to accurately answer these questions, and 3) social pressures that discourage accurate reporting.
In addition to sampling error, question wording and practical difficulties in conducting surveys can introduce error or bias into the findings of public opinion polls.
Usually, reporting biases result from difficulties in understanding survey questions, poor recall, and social desirability.
Bulmer and Warwick [ 41] note there are difficulties in conducting survey research in developing countries which can include problems with recruitment, language and translation, interviewer training, and situational variables which include country specific structural and cultural variables.
Four in 10 of those surveyed predicted difficulty in raising a family and affording the lifestyle they felt they deserved.
In 2014, Parkinson and colleagues demonstrated this difficulty in recruiting GPs for surveys, showing that a response rate of even 14.5 % required great effort [ 41].
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