The current automatic SWIFT CMT estimation procedure may still have difficulty in estimating the size of tsunami earthquakes accurately.
However, it meets difficulty in estimating the original flow distribution.
A major difficulty in estimating case fatality rate is ensuring the accuracy of the numerator and the denominator.
Despite the difficulty in estimating the volume and value of the illegal waste trade, attempts by the UN Environment Programme and the Green Customs Initiative indicate that crime syndicates earn $20 to $30bn a year from waste crime.
Difficulty in estimating toxicant exposure has impeded the development of field-based experiments that examine the effects of toxicants in natural situations.
There is much more difficulty in estimating energy requirements for a cooling system for a season, because of the complication introduced by the humidity and by solar and other effects.
The posterior uncertainty of the model parameters can also be derived analytically and the computational difficulty in estimating the inverse of the high dimensional Hessian matrix required for specifying the covariance matrix is also properly tackled.
For defeat devices, the difficulty in estimating deaths is driven by a complex pathway from excess NOx emissions to mortality: defeat devices allow greater NOx emissions, increased NOx emissions increase ambient PM and ozone, and increased ambient PM and ozone increase the number of deaths in a community.
For years, Sunstein has wrestled in his writing with the difficulty in estimating the possibility of catastrophe — studies of insurance markets have found that we tend to ignore small risks until their probability passes a certain threshold, at which point we overspend wildly to prevent them.
Giant squid reach a total length of 13 metres (most of which is tentacles), the colossal squid is possibly even larger and thought to weigh more, the difficulty in estimating lengths and widths of these animals come from interpreting partial and damaged remains.
This leads to a fundamental difficulty in estimating model parameter values.
