Thus, the three levels of difficulty, as defined by logit values, match the writing requirements stipulated in the teaching syllabus (2000) and teachers' experience, and can reflect the current teaching and learning status of writing proficiency.
Two uncomplicated operating lists, as near as possible to the date of the case list, were chosen as controls and matched for surgeon, day of the week, session time, and technical difficulty (as defined by a preoperative score[ 8]).
This research should include studies that correlate Bloom's ratings of items with difficulty as defined by psychometrics, including classical item analysis, as well as item response theory (Murphy and Davidshofer, 2005).
The difficulty grades, as defined by the Morriston Hospital ERCP grading scale, were mostly grade II (494, 46.1%) and grade III (297, 27.7%) procedures overall; however, there was a twofold increase in grade IV procedures in the second 5-year period, compared with the first (15.3% vs 7.2%, p<0.0001).
We compared parietal activity during conjunction task trials for high- versus low-conjunction task cost groups (as defined in the difficulty analysis above) and found a nonsignificant difference, t(16) = 1.22, P = 0.24.
Cross-national comparisons of the impact of social factors on the risks and outcomes of very preterm birth have been limited because of the difficulties of defining comparable populations as well as the lack of socioeconomic information in studies on these infants.
Protocolized care is problematic for various reasons, such as difficulties in defining the "right" intervention, acceptance in routine clinical use, compliance, and efficacy outside clinical trials.
Disordering of the step difficulties is defined as the difficulty of the higher- numbered step being lower than its adjacent lower- numbered step.
Learning difficulties are defined as referring to a number of disorders, which may affect the acquisition, organisation, retention, understanding or use of verbal or other information [ 5].
