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Practicing chemists soon learn, often simply by experience, that it is frequently very difficult to crystallize a newly synthesized substance, while subsequent crystallizations are considerably more facile.
Three of the mutant dimers crystallized readily (in four to seven days) in contrast to the wild-type protein, which is particularly difficult to crystallize and takes more than a month to form diffraction-quality crystals.
The introduction of mono-functional reactive diluents restricts but not completely prevents the crystallization process, which causes the resulting films to be difficult to crystallize to lower crystallinity levels.
Naked RNAs are difficult to crystallize and NMR spectroscopy is generally limited to small RNA fragments.
Beyond four icosahedral units, however, it becomes increasingly difficult to crystallize and chararacterize the compound.
This is particularly useful for membrane proteins, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), that still prove difficult to crystallize.
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In addition to providing a crystalline host for difficult-to-crystallize guests, this sponge's heavy atoms allow for the absolute stereochemical determination of chiral guests with only light atoms through anomalous dispersion using Mo Kα radiation.
By permitting electron diffraction patterns to be collected from much smaller crystals, or even single well ordered domains of large crystals composed of several small mosaic blocks, MicroED has the potential to overcome the limiting size requirement and enable structural studies on difficult-to-crystallize samples.
While part of the allure for the original crystal sponge report was the study of guests at microgram and nanogram quantities (Inokuma et al., 2013 a ▶), the other significant aspect of the method is the ability to elucidate the structures of compounds that are difficult or impossible to crystallize – such as the analysis of liquids.
The high TP rate comes as a trade-off for the higher FP rate (higher rate of predicting the non-crystalizable chains as crystallizable), which means that PPCpred would more often mistakenly advise to crystallize a difficult target, which consequently would waste resources.
In fact, in order to crystallize these these are the most difficult proteins I've ever worked with.
More suggestions(16)
difficult to translate
difficult to fulfil
difficult to finalize
difficult to materialize
difficult to elaborate
difficult to articulate
difficult to specify
difficult to refine
difficult to realize
difficult to define
difficult to evolve
impossible to crystallize
difficult to develop
difficult to focus
difficult to formulate
difficult to realise
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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