The term biomaterial, which is closely related to applications that repair or replace a part of or the whole tissue, must have favorable mechanical as well as biological properties and should play a major role in developing successful implantations by means of inducing cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation on the surface of the biomaterial (Sista et al. 2011).
From the in vitro test with human bone marrow stroma cells, the osteoblastic differentiation on the surface of the HA-coated zein scaffold was increased, as expressed by the alkaline phosphatase activity and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis for marker genes.
cMSCs derived from wt and Egr-1−/− mice were firstly isolated and phenotypically analyzed by cytofluorimetry according to the expression of differentiation antigens on the surface of murine cardiac stromal cells as previously reported [ 28].
During late third-instar larval development, plasmatocyte differentiation starts on the surface of the CZ, whereas the hemocytes in the inner layers of the CZ differentiate later during metamorphosis (Grigorian et al. 2011; Minakhina et al. 2011).
This study aims to investigate the dependence of keratocyte migration, proliferation, and differentiation on the surface roughness/stiffness of the chitosan coatings through modifications by degree of deacetylation (DD).
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects healthy human cells by binding to the glycoprotein cluster of differentiation 4 receptors on the surface of helper T-cells, along with either of two chemokine receptors, CC chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) or C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4).
As in the case of aggrecan, increased differentiation of cells on the surface of cartilage discs and BNC inserts towards a chondroid phenotype was further supported by initial deposition of collagen type II in high density pellet cultures; however, these levels were clearly below those of the respective cultures of chondrocytes isolated from the corresponding cartilage discs.
The aggregated AgLDL particles provoke accumulation of cholesteryl esters and modulate adipocyte differentiation-related proteins on the surface of lipid droplets [92].
Recognition is followed by the ligation of a series of adhesion molecules starting with an antigen to its specific T-cell receptor (TCR)/cluster of differentiation (CD) complex, expressed on the surface of the T cell.
Although undifferentiated BM-derived MSC did not express vWF (Hu et al, 2003), expression of this and some molecules specific to endothelial cells was found after endothelial differentiation on the cell surface of MSC (Oswald et al, 2004; Sun et al, 2005).
Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) is a glycoprotein expressed on the surface of many different types of immune cells, e.g., T helper cells and monocytes.
