Instead, Wnt1-induced luminal cells "retro-differentiated" to basal cells (reversing the usual basal-luminal pattern of differentiation).
The differentiated cells were not attached to the substrates, but had stratified and were attached to basal layer cells, thereby recapitulating the organisation of basal and differentiated cells in the original tissue (Fig. 1a, b).
A prevailing view is that breast epithelial stem cells give rise to bipotent basal/luminal progenitors, which then give rise to basal and luminal restricted progenitors, and from there to differentiated basal/myoepithelial and luminal epithelial cells [84], [85].
Here, we describe a 3D culture system that supports long-term expansion of primary mouse and human prostate organoids, composed of fully differentiated CK5+ basal and CK8+ luminal cells.
Figure 4 shows three of these volcano plots: the upper and middle panels illustrate the genes differentially expressed between differentiated basal or committed luminal cells and bipotent progenitors, whereas the lower panel illustrates the genes differentially expressed between committed and differentiated luminal subpopulations.
The complex regulation of endocrine progenitor cell proliferation is not surprising given that overexpression of Insm1 in the developing neural cortex has been shown to decrease the proliferation of less differentiated apical progenitor cells but to increase the proliferation of more differentiated intermediate basal progenitor cells (Farkas et al., 2008).
The differential gene expression between bipotent progenitors and differentiated basal, committed luminal, or differentiated luminal cells and between committed and differentiated luminal subpopulations was evaluated using an analysis of variance with pairing within each mammoplasty sample.
The gynoecium was comprised of three carpels and locules, differentiated in the basal part of the ovary.
The majority (55.6%) of the SCC were well differentiated, whereas nodular basal cell carcinoma (BCC) shown in Figure 2 was the most predominant (73.8%) type.
When sorted and plated separately, 5 to 10% of the CD49f+/EpCAM-/low SUM149PT cells differentiated into CD49f+/high/EpCAM+ basal-like cells, whereas the CD49f+/high/EpCAM+ basal-like cells maintained their differentiated status during in vitro culture.
Although the Ets1 transgene was expressed in the more differentiated layers of the epidermis (upper spinous and granular layers), the PCNA and Ki67 labeling was mainly associated with less differentiated layers (basal and lower spinous layers).
