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A landscape genetic approach involving molecular and morphological analyses identified three endpoints of differentiated population groups: coastal, upland and southern.
The PCoA supported the presence of the three endpoints of genetically differentiated population groups, and placed the populations from intermediate altitude between coastal and upland groups (except for Carrington Falls which was placed with coastal populations; Figure 3a).
In concordance with emerging morphological evidence [ 19- 21] both types of markers have documented the existence of several highly differentiated population groups, some of which correspond to the currently accepted species (P. bocagei, P. carbonelli and P. vaucheri), whereas others constitute different forms within the polytypic and, from a mitochondrial perspective, paraphyletic P. hispanica.
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About 46% of the variation was distributed among highly differentiated populations within groups, and about 44% within highly differentiated populations.
Deaths result mainly in women, children and infants, who are directly exposed to smoke in unventilated kitchens, thus reflecting differentiated and unequal impacts across population groups.
We argue that as AIDS is having differentiated impacts depending on the scale of the epidemic, and population groups impacted, and so responses must be tailored accordingly.
They could thus be migrants from a differentiated population that had not been sampled.
Very few transcripts (5) were distinctively overexpressed in the more differentiated population (Sca-1Lo-only cluster).
This final stage of maturation has been associated with a non-proliferating terminally differentiated population [30].
Population groups.
First, in agreement with the intra-specific differentiation analyses using F ST -values, the Spanish pied flycatcher population grouped outside the range of the other pied flycatcher populations, in particular along the axis of principal component 2 and 3. Second, in the collared flycatcher the most differentiated population was the population from the Baltic Sea islands.
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