The first two terms on the right-hand side of Eq. 5 represent immigration of clones represented by n−1 and n differentiated cells conditioned upon immigration from only those specific clones represented by k cells in the progenitor pool.
We have been able to demonstrate the advantages of a 3D cell-culture model of the canine endometrium over monolayer cultures, for experimental approaches due to the differentiated and polarized cell conditions.
We investigated the capacity of the differentiated cells under hypoxic conditions to synthesize their own ECM, and we evaluated the secretion of two extracellular proteins (Laminin and type IV collagen), which play a major role in ECM synthesis and contribute to maintain the contractile phenotype of the differentiated cells [31].
First we cultured human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) under two culture conditions to obtain osteogenic differentiated cell sheet (ODCS) and undifferentiated cell sheet (UDCS), respectively.
Under both steady-state conditions, only vegetative cells and no other differentiated cell forms like clostridial stages, prespores containing cells, or mature spores were detected.
Under CM culture condition, similar low basal expression levels of these differentiated cell markers were detected between control and Shp2 knockdown hESCs (Figure 3C).
Under such conditions, various differentiated cells were found, including pulsatile cardiomyocyte cells, fibroblast-like cells (mesoderm), definitive endoderm-like cells (endoderm), neural rosettes and epidermis-like cells (ectoderm) (Figure 4C).
It is likely that our assay captured the earliest responding pluripotency genes, because we compared pluripotent cells and the corresponding earliest differentiated cells cultured under the same conditions.
A summary of the results of 3 experiments with maGSC Stra8 SSC5 target cells cultured under the four conditions and differentiated cells, respectively, is shown in Figure 4E.
As p53 reduces proliferation of differentiated cells even under normal culture conditions, we monitored proliferation of p53-positive and p53-negative mESCs.
