Fractional differential equations have played a significant role in physics, mechanics, chemistry, engineering, and so forth.
In the recent years, fractional differential equations have played an important role in many fields such as physics, electrical circuits, biology, control theory, etc. (see [1 9]).
Fractional differential equations have played an important role in many fields such as engineering, science, electrical circuits, diffusion and applied mathematics.
Concerning the application of fractional calculus, we can notice that fractional differential equations have played a key role in improving the mathematical modeling of several phenomena occurring in basic technical sciences and engineering.
In fact, fractional differential equations have played an important role in physics, chemical technology, biology, economics, control theory, signal and image processing, see [1 25] and the references cited therein.
Tempered fractional derivatives and the corresponding tempered fractional differential equations have played a key role in physics [19], ground water hydrology [20], finance [21], poroelasticity [22], and so on.
Recently, fractional differential systems have played an important role in physics, chemistry, engineering, biology, finance etc., due to the memory character of fractional derivative, which is a generalization of integer-order derivative and can describe many phenomena that an integer derivative cannot characterize (see [1 7] and the references therein).
In recent decades, scholars have paid more and more attention to the impulsive differential equations which have played an important role in the field of life sciences [16, 17].
The limited number of xylem genes specific to woody plants suggests that differential transcriptional regulation may have played an important role in xylem evolution; in a similar way that transcriptional regulation gives rise to plant diversity [ 20].
Differential equations of fractional order have played a significant role in engineering, science, and pure and applied mathematics in recent years.
