However, as demonstrated in the scenario analyses, the model cost-effectiveness results are driven mainly by the differential effects at year one in the model and refining the long-term phase of the model is not expected to affect the cost-effectiveness conclusions.
These data suggest that cadmium exerts differential effects at the median eminence, the pituitary and the testes, that may explain the changes in the 24-h pattern of plasma testosterone levels.
Diet and sex also had differential effects at the systemic immune level.
The interaction between trial arm and time (trial arm×time) was also estimated to determine whether the trial arm had differential effects at short term and long term.
Notably, clozapine can cause both dry mouth and hypersalivation possibly due to differential effects at adrenergic and muscarinic receptors [ 73, 74].
Experimental work shows that for similar serum concentrations of calcium and phosphate, paricalcitol produces less vascular calcification than does calcitriol, suggesting differential effects at the cellular level.
Prenatal exposure of the dam to 250 μg BPA/kg BW, in the absence of DMBA to the female offspring, increased cell proliferation and elicited differential effects at the protein level at PND100 compared with PND50.
Given the observations of the effects of fructose intake on appetite, its higher palatability compared to glucose, and its differential effects at both peripheral and central levels, including the DA system, one might speculate that fructose could induce more profound effects on this system than sucrose or glucose.
These differential effects at low- and high-dose radiation exposures are relevant to radiation protection issues as a greater number of individuals are being exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation during diagnostic radiography or occupational activities (de Toledo et al., 2006; Zhang et al., 2012).
