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Different types of cracks were found in almost all the tunnel linings.
In this paper, a simple method for detection of multiple edge cracks in Euler Bernoulli beams having two different types of cracks is presented based on energy equations.
The identification method and the relative theory is briefly presented, while three different types of cracks are considered: the first is a slot, therefore not actually a crack since it has not the typical breathing behaviour, the second a small crack (14% of the diameter) and the third a deep crack (47% of the diameter).
Different types of cracks require different types of repairs; therefore, not only a crack detection is required but a crack type classification.
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In this paper, fracture problems known to have two different types of crack tip singularities, subjected to elastic wave propagation effects during impact loading, are given as examples.
Basically, two different types of crack initiation were observed, including (a) an intragranular cracking within α grain, and (b) a cracking at α/β boundary.
Furthermore, some analyses of the influence of different types of initial cracks are presented.
Different types of concrete cracks are observed in concrete decks (Krauss and Rogalla 1996; ElSafty and Abdel-Mohti 2013; Ramseyer and Kang 2012; Soltani et al. 2013; Labib et al. 2013).
In the case of interior fracture mode, there can be several different types of the crack initiation with/without nonmetallic inclusion at the crack initiation site, and different crack initiation types can be found even for the surface fracture modes in the conventional fatigue life region.
Characteristic spectral shape changes in response to different types of interface crack were demonstrated experimentally.
The obtained values will be used to predict the fracture for different types of notches and cracked specimens under mode I; for cracked specimens under mixed mode and mode II has proposed a new approach which confirms that PUR foams can be treated as brittle materials.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com