It must be understood that the relative fitness of different traits depends on the current environment.
Recently accumulated evidence from various labs strongly suggests that carriers of variants of the polymorphic gene for a dopamine receptor (DRD4) develop different personality traits, depending on the social circumstances during childhood18.
An interesting question arises as to whether selection on pathogens colonizing hosts incompletely expressing major R genes (partially resistant) will favour different pathogen traits depending on the degree to which pathogen sporulation is restricted.
There were also significant [CO2] × cultivar interactions for volume (P < 0.01) and thickness (P < 0.001), indicating that E-[CO2] had different effects on these traits, depending on cultivar.
The different responses are caused by species-specific habitat requirements and dispersal abilities, but the importance of such life history traits depend on landscape structure.
Abstract: The impact of epistasis on the evolution of multilocus traits depends on recombination.
But if all traits depend on genes, it may still be that some traits depend on them in a special way.
Personality traits shared among these dogs are under a lot of debate and you'll get different answers depending on who you ask.
In the model, each individual expresses, at many different times in its lifetime, its real-valued trait depending on the probability distribution determined by its own genotypes.
The method compares the fit of two different models assuming an either independent or dependent (the rate of change of one trait depends on the background state of the other) evolution of traits.
