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Note that we used 120 different target words for these question items.
Even though both same and different words started with the same first syllable, which lasted for 250 ms on average, subtle articulation differences (in particular, in vowel quality and pitch of the sung syllable) were most likely present in the first syllable of different target words (e.g., the "me" in "messager" does not sound identical to the "me" in "mélodie").
Studies demonstrated that the brain could distinguish different target words at about 200 ms after target onset [ 14], which could indicate that a great amount of lexical information including lexical semantics, should have been processed within the first 200 ms [ 15].
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Note that each question item asked for a different target word at the same level of word difficulty based on JACET8000, which uses an eight-level system in which level 1 denotes the easiest words (most frequently used words).
Different target word modality might have modulated the ERP results.
We did not obtain reliable differences in landing-site distributions for different lengths of the target words, which is different from findings in normal reading (e.g., McConkie et al., 1988).
Neither lexical decision latencies nor shadowing differed for spoken target words that either were preceded by spoken words with the same stress pattern (RAting – LIFEtime) or by spoken words with a different stress pattern (RAting – ciGAR).
Table 10 Comparison of numbers of different parts of speech in target words and most agreed labels for all sounds.
In each pair, the prime and target words were different and semantically unrelated.
The system repeats the information; when the customer confirms it, or repeats the query, the system develops a record of the different ways the target word can be spoken.
(2) For the sounds of which the label with the highest agreement (different from the target word) matches the sound description (given in the sound file name), it can be said that the sound (scene) is distinctive and can convey a concept, though different from what is desired.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com