Previous studies on the association of spirometry parameters of PF with adverse health in the older adults have used different standardizations of FEV1 and measures of physical and mental functioning and have also not focused on the growing population of very old adults.
To treat the data generated by LIBS, 12 different standardization strategies of the dependent variables (LIBS instrumental response) were tested.
We also computed the effect of different standardization settings on the ambiguity of non-systematic identifiers across databases.
In the recent years, the FFR scheme has attracted the attention of the researchers in different standardization bodies and forums.
In Table 1 we have used this ontology to analyze different pedagogical activities, different technologies, and different standardization challenges that follow from the different smartness levels of SLE.
As data were collected retrospectively, there was no control on variables measurement and, as patients were evaluated by different observers, standardization of evaluations could not be guaranteed.
Although these references were gained in different studies with different collectives, the standardization of the IsoMetrics inventory allows comparison of the results and offers some sort of framework.
One concern, however, is the lack of guidance regarding the appropriateness of different methods and standardization of these methods, which would facilitate comparing results reported by different laboratories.
A possible explanation is the use of different reference populations: Standardization of the DBC is based on children and adolescents with ID, thus accounting for findings that children with ID are at an increased risk of developing behavioral/emotional disorders [ 4- 6].
There are several possible reasons explaining this difference, including the use of different hardware, absence of standardization of image acquisition (choice of different b values), various methods for ADC calculation and different patient populations.
