In addition to research design heterogeneity, other issues to address in future studies include an unequal focus on different cytokines and different sickness behaviors.
Although being hypothetical, this cost figure equals the amount of reimbursement from the different sickness funds using individual case requests.
Other interpretations of the results are also possible, for example, the idea of different sickness certification "cultures".
The level of interest in DMPs has been shown to vary widely regionally and between different sickness funds [ 20, 26, 27].
The longer absences in the lower socioeconomic groups could be due to a different pattern of medical causes of sickness absence, to different conditions for returning to work, or to different sickness absence attitudes and behaviours.
The remaining analyses were performed in Stata 12. Differences in background characteristics (gender, age group, income level, occupational class, education level and type of employment) between employees with different sickness absence histories were examined using χ tests and analysis of variance.
No, bereavement (depression) is different from sickness.
Which sick-leave diagnoses were most frequent when different measures of sickness absence were employed?
The impact of socioeconomic status on different aspects of sickness absence could also vary due to socioeconomic differences in work conditions, cultural background, personal factors and health.
Nevertheless, the majority of all physicians reported that they did need CPD, especially regarding the roles of different stakeholders in sickness certification and how to assess patients' work capacity and optimal length and degree of sickness absence.
