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Extracted DNA was amplified by a nested pan-alphaherpesvirus PCR as described previously [ 17, 21], which has been widely used for identification of different ruminant alphaherpesviruses based on nucleotide differences in a highly conserved gene coding for glycoprotein B. CvHV2 (Finnish isolate, Salla82) was used as a positive control and sterile water as a negative control.
Rumen microbial populations are proven to play a vital role in plant fiber degradation in different ruminant species.
To unveil the latter, an important step is to identify which plants of the TDF are consumed by different ruminant species.
Under field conditions, EHDV can infect several different ruminant species, although clinical signs occur most often in wild ungulates (including white-tailed deer, mule deer and antelope).
Samples were collected from six different ruminant farms in Peninsular Malaysia (Table 1).
It was also shown that the concentration of ruminant markers in feces was equally distributed in different ruminant source groups.
The serological status of cattle and foremost comparison of C. burnetii isolates by subtyping in different ruminant species might help to elucidate the transmission pathways between different species of ruminants and to humans.
This observation is consistent with the minimal interval between foetal infection and birth, which is estimated to be similar for the different ruminant species (three months).
Lungworms of the genus Dictyocaulus (family Dictyocaulidae) are key parasitic nematodes which cause pathological effects and clinical disease in different ruminant hosts, particularly in young animals [ 4, 5].
To study the genetic similarity between the MLVA genotypes obtained in the different ruminant species the minimum spanning tree method was used.
Prevalence data of C. burnetii infection in different ruminant species are important to support risk assessments or decisions on preventive measures regarding public and animal health.
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