The development of different clinical protraction protocols was achieved through the various simulations.
The complex anatomy of the skull and circummaxillary sutures directly influences the skeletal response from different maxillary protraction protocols.
Utilizing ANSYS simulation software, protraction forces were applied at different locations and directions to simulate conventional facemask therapy and seven maxillary protraction protocols utilizing the novel N2 mini-implant.
The shoulder position trials with three different shoulder positions both for elevation and protraction are arranged into three groups: The intra-tester group consists of 24 measurements with the same subject taken by the same examiner with 8 repetitions.
In cranial view no differences in curvature appear within the genus Homo, which means the different species had similar arms elevation capacity, especially in protraction.
However, different treatment modalities have been used to treat Class III malocclusions ranging from protraction facemasks [10, 15, 21], to removable appliances such as the Frankel III [8, 9], Bionator III [10], modified tandem traction bow [12], and Class III Twin Block [11], to inter-arch protraction springs described by Liou [21, 22].
Table 1 shows different locations and directions of force application, which simulate eight clinical protocols for maxillary protraction.
Measuring contact distances at varying protraction angles allows discrimination of round objects with a varying curvature, or objects with different lateral shapes, such as square and round objects.
Lastly, it must be remembered that further protraction of prophylaxis (longer than suggested duration) has to be addressed in patients who, for different reasons (prolonged recumbence, additional risk factors), are at risk of developing VTE complications for a longer period than usual.
The hypothesis being tested in this study is that different placement locations and forces applied on the novel N2 mini-implants can translate into different types of maxillary protraction.
