The biggest obstacles to the direct comparison of data obtained from different microarray platforms are differences in the sequence and the number of probes that target each transcript.
One is that the rate of evolution of the 16S rRNA gene differs among taxonomic lineages, so the same number of differences in the sequence may represent different times since divergence from a most recent common ancestor.
Such an effect could be explained by a simple global inversion of ~5 Mb in the haplotype 4311 or by differences in the sequence of the different haplotypes.
Through interactions with different co-factors, mediated by alternative protein domains, or even through differences in the sequence recognition specificity of the DNA-binding domain, the different isoforms may regulate different sets of genes.
However, despite immune cross-reactivity between Bm86 ortholog proteins, the differences in the efficacy of Bm86-containing vaccines against different Rhipicephalus spp. may be attributed to differences in the sequence of protective epitopes and/or physiological differences between tick species.
The assignments in all three categories, molecular function, biological process and cellular component show no obvious differences in the sequence types obtained from the two different methods (Fig. 1).
These indicators were all evaluated using the normalized mutual information (NMI, Eq. 4) (Lancichinetti and Fortunato 2009; Danon et al. 2005), ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating the same parcellation with only differences in the sequence of labels, and 0 indicating totally different parcellation.
There are moderate differences in the sequence of the non-coding region cloned from different chromosomes in each species, however, the entire non-coding region is readily alignable within each species.
When there were differences in the sequence, the researchers used a statistical model to predict the most likely original version.
By counting differences in the sequence of units that make up protein and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules, researchers have devised a tool for measuring the degree to which different species have diverged since evolving from a common ancestor.
There were almost 1000 differences in the sequence, and in the mimics, the gene was more active.
