However, the results are often inaccurate because vertical turbulent motion causes the difference between the velocity of different surfaces of streams and float does not represent the actual flow (Hilgersom and Luxemburg 2012).
The differences between the platform star azimuth, elevation angles and the computed star azimuth, elevation angles, and the difference between the velocity measured by odometer and the velocity measured by inertial sensors are taken as measurements.
As St is augmented (1⩽St⩽Stc), where Stc depends on the flame geometry, the phase difference between the velocity oscillation and the imposed signal nearly vanishes in a finite region adjacent to the burner exhaust indicating that the perturbation propagates at the speed of sound.
Another type of velocity usually used in two-phase flows is slip velocity or relative velocity (u Ck ), which is calculated as the difference between the velocity of dispersed phase, k, and the continuous phase.
To evaluate the difference between the velocity profiles of these two cases, several vertical planes were put in the middle of these vessels and the average velocity magnitude was then calculated within each of these planes.
Our analysis has revealed that, for discontinuous velocity fields, the spectrum scales as 1 / N 2 and the stability is controlled by the sign of the difference between the velocity at reset and at threshold.
These examples show that the difference between the velocity of flow and its wave speed u − C has a finite energy over R 2, i.e. u − C ∈ L 2 ( R 2 ).
We found no statistically significant difference between the velocity of the magnet pill during periods with and without stimulation (Group ON-OFF: median change 0 m/h (range -1.07, 0.63), Group OFF-ON: median change 0.27 m/h (range -0.59, 1.12)) (p = 0.25).
The general principle underlying the operation of all dynamic mass spectrometers, the difference between the velocities of motion of ions differing in mass but having the same energy, is pointed out.
