The size differences between the Nasonia linkage maps thus appear to have other causes.
For QTL in the region where heterogeneity in recombination rate occurs, the estimation of position and effect of QTL are both altered by the differences between the average linkage map and the true recombination pattern of each F1 females, subfamilies or populations.
In metal porphyrin complexes, the energy difference between the two linkage isomers is small and hence slight differences in reaction conditions and/or ligand design give rise to formation of the isomers in different ratios.
However, there are differences in the linkage between fetal oxygenation and metabolic rate or growth for these cohort groups that may relate to underlying etiologic processes.
Also within the age groups, no significant differences between the hospital-based and the linkage-based hospital mortality were revealed.
The differences between association and linkage populations may explain the "lack of validation" for this association, including their genetic background, complex gene environment interactions, mapping resolution, population structure, and age-dependent effects (Du et al. 2013).
The data reveal both major compositional shifts and subtle interunit linkage differences between the syringyl guaiacyl lignins in normal WT poplar vs. the p-hydroxyphenyl-elevated lignins in the most highly downregulated C3H-RNAi transgenic.
Details of the differences between linkage map based vs. FISH-based pseudomolecules are given in Table S4 for all 12 chromosomes and are diagrammed in Figure 4 and Figure 5.
Although CP5 and CP8 are comprised of identical monosaccharides (L-FucNAc, D-FucNAc and D-ManNAc), they are serologically distinct due to differences in the linkages between sugars and the sites of O-acetylation.
The effect of linkage, therefore, is shown by the difference between simulations with linkage and without linkage.
