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Other studies have failed to demonstrate significant difference in vein sizes comparing different vein-dilating maneuvers including BP cuff inflation and tourniquets [16, 18].
However, the difference in vein size between BP cuff inflation and tourniquet application was small (3%, 0.16 mm).
In a study by Planken et al. on patients requiring dialysis access, no significant difference in vein size (cephalic) was found between a tourniquet and a graduated pressure cuff [18].
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We found no significant differences in vein diameter between the right and the left legs.
Another study enrolling healthy volunteers and dialysis patients also failed to show a significant difference in cephalic vein size following lowering of the arm and a combination of lowering the arm and warm water emersion [16].
In addition, there was a substantial difference in tumour vein invasion with a significantly higher percent in NHCC than in SLHCC (one out of seven, 14% SLHCC vs 11 out of 15, 73% NHCC).
It is noted that systemic measurements may miss differences in portal vein endotoxin levels.
However, there was no difference in hepatic portal vein plasma propionate concentrations.
Here, we should mention the difference in hematocrit between the vein and the artery.
There was no significant difference in aspects of center vein pressure reduction, transfusion rate, and total complications, while different results existed in aspects of blood loss and operation time.
Furthermore, there was no difference in the ratio of portal vein to arterial bacterial counts between the EtxPreExp and UnExp groups (Fig. 65).
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