"The bias flowed through into the material difference in sentencing," Winter said.
All sex crimes against children – both penetration and fondling – are treated with great seriousness, and there is little difference in sentencing between them, she says.
The Bloomberg gun law of 2006 has made a difference in sentencing, though generally not for hard-core criminals, who would have faced serious time even without the tougher penalties, defense lawyers said on Tuesday.
There was no statistically significant difference in sentences' recognition scores and difficulty scores obtained with the SHHI, for all types of implants.
"On the face of it, I can see no material difference to justify the difference in sentencing of 25 years for Brendan McConville and 14 years for John Wootton.
The English jurist William Blackstone supposed that the difference in sentencing, although "full as terrible to the sensation as the other", could be explained by the desire not to publicly expose a woman's body.
To observe the effects of differences in sentence length, Lum's team ran a simulation twice.
The anomaly-sensitive sites correspond approximately to those that previous studies (Michael et al., 2001; Constable et al., 2004) have found to be sensitive to other differences in sentence complexity (object relative minus subject relative).
Readability research largely traces its origins to an initial study by Kitson [33] that demonstrates tangible differences in sentence lengths and word lengths, measured in syllables, between two newspapers and two magazines (see also [55] for an historical perspective of readability).
In contrast, the differences in sentence repetition ability between groups were not related to differences in measures of word recall or nonword repetition ability.
