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The latter is defined as the difference in charges of each atom in the bond, divided by the length of the bond, and summed over all bonds in the molecule.
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The found difference in surface tension in acidic and alkaline medium was ascribed to a difference in charge of the adsorbed ligand.
The difference in charge of these two surface complexes should result in differences in the electrostatic interactions, which is consistent with the observation of somewhat higher adsorption densities of DFOD in the absence of surfactants under otherwise identical conditions [34].
Due to the difference in charge of type A (GA) and type B gelatin (GB), GA and GB nanoparticles might show different effects on the encapsulation efficiency and release behavior of compound incorporated.
Individual differences in charging of spores remain as explanation for the observations.
This discrepancy in biodistribution can be due to differences in charge of the investigated systems, and as mentioned earlier, all other systems include chelates present on the surface of the micelles, which typically result in negatively charged micelles.
This size difference most likely occurs because of differences in surface tension of the printed cDNA and contaminant when drying or differences in charge of the cDNA and contaminant.
The difference in charge values of PEDOT-modified CCl-based electrodes indicates that different amounts of polymer are deposited at each substrate.
The swelling mechanism of PAH/PSS films is generally associated to the difference in charge density of polyelectrolyte chains induced by a change in the pH medium.
The estimated cost difference between CABG and PTCA was substantially less than the $10,088 difference in charges, however, with net savings of 19%, 46%, 53%, and 78% of charges using cost-accounting methods 1-4, respectively.
The SID reflects the difference in electrical charges of the strong ions in the volume of the extracellular compartment (V).
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