Thus Socrates and Plato, though the same in nature, differ numerically in virtue of their different portions of materia signata.
(The same problem arises for the proposal that autonomous agents differ from other agents in virtue of their special way of understanding what they are up to.
If, for example, nonaction differs from action in virtue of being unresponsive to reasons, then it follows that nonrational animals never really act, or that acting from instinct is acting for reasons.
The temporal parts theorist could follow the constitution theorist in claiming that the relevant objects differ in kind, for example, in virtue of their historical properties or he could simply insist that the difference in kind is grounded in the fact that the two objects have different temporal parts.
Together, these two theses entail linguistic relativity: the thesis that speakers of different languages differ in how they perceive and think in virtue of speaking different languages.
According to the Bayesian then, two individuals who share exactly the same total evidence might differ in what it is reasonable for them to believe about some question in virtue of having started with different prior probability distributions.
However, perceptual constancies may be present in virtue of different mechanisms operating on various time-scales.
First As Tragedy, Then As Farce differs from the pap dispensed by the authors of Commonwealth chiefly in virtue of the gleeful enthusiasm with which Zizek defends the necessity of terror.
Where satisficing differs from Stocker's account is that satisficing is instrumentally rational in virtue of a more general maximizing account of choice.
Elisabeth's approach to the problem seems to have differed from Descartes's own, and Descartes remarks on her solution having a symmetry and transparency in virtue of its using only a single variable that his lacked.
