The cumulative proportion of deaths at half standardised survival time (SST = 0.50) was 0.20 (95% CI 0.16 0.23), which again did not differ from the expected value of 0.18 in the general population.
The number of observed LpsaINV1 4/251 SNP markers was found to significantly differ from the expected values for each population (χ p value < 0.05).
The observed prevalence of low cognitive function differed from the expected value of 25% among conscripts who were born to mothers aged 20 years or younger (36.3%) or those who were SGA (32.9%).
The IQE map reveals that the library contains distinct regions of characteristics which clearly differ from the expected values.
As expected for autosomal or pseudoautosomal genes, their relative gene dosage ratios were very close to, and did not differ significantly from, the expected value of 1.0 (t-test, P = 0.08).
The overall percentage of positive studies differed very significantly (p < 0.01) from the expected value of positive studies if there is no true effect (less than 5% of studies are expected to show a p value less than 0.05 just by chance), suggesting that we can reject the null hypothesis.
With the presence of impact, even when there is no DIF, the expected value of the reference group's target ability will tend to differ from the corresponding expected value for the focal group: E R ≠ E F. Thus, with no further correction, the expected value of the DIF test statistic will tend to be different from zero, causing an inflated type I error rate.
The standard implementation of the CET differs from the minimal version described above in two respects: First it exposes subjects to more than one binary choice where the safe amount of money is higher (lower, respectively) than the expected value of the lottery; and secondly it includes one binary choice where the safe amount exactly equals the expected value of the lottery.
This amounted to an effective normalization or scaling of the value prediction error response in terms of standard deviation, indicating how much the obtained reward value differs from the expected value in units of standard deviation.
A goodness-of-fit test assuming a uniform distribution was performed to test whether the observed frequencies of eQTLs along the linkage map differed significantly from the expected value.
