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Carrion, however, is their main diet item, although they commonly wait along game trails to ambush pigs, deer, and cattle.
Russian thistle (Salsola kali) is an important forb diet item.
However, diet was also analysed as a discrete variable, using the predominant (or strict) diet item as category (see model-based analyses below).
The first ten items are summed to a total score as well as to four sub scores: diet (item 1 4), exercise (item 5 6), blood-glucose testing (item 7 8) and foot-care (item 9 10).
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We fit models of the absolute percent cover of vegetation groups corresponding to caribou diet items, with a focus on lichens.
What's more, special diet items are not listed at all.
In other words, studies using molecular methods to detect DNA of diet items in feces might be highly prone to artefacts, especially when dealing with rare diet items that would be expected to be found infrequently.
Thus, studies investigating a species' diet from feces DNA may be unreliable due to the low copy number of DNA originating from diet items.
First, we determined the presence or absence of DNA from five potential diet items by applying PCR tests that specifically amplify DNA from targeted groups of prey.
The point here is that fish increases body size (via growth) gradually, whereas the trophic level of their prey in diet rises stepwise (e.g. from copepods to shrimps) along with the gradual increase in fish body size, because diet items of predatory fish are generally gape-limited [29]-[31].
However for omnivores, even if the proportion of diet items that may be associated with protein hydroysis is small [37 and sources listed in Supporting Information Appendix S1], these items could still confer selective advantages to opportunistic omnivores that exploit them.
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