These are facts I must contend with from the moment my doctor enters the examination room, and the work begins weeks ahead of time, as I start bullet-pointing and rehearsing my speech detailing my extensive dieting background and the numerous failures thereof.
The time frame required for disease development also differs between individuals by smoking history, age, gender, diet, genetic background, and environmental exposure.
This approach allowed us to study not only the individual effects ("main effects") of each factor (mutation, diet, genetic background, and sex), but also whether the effect of a factor depended on other factors ("interactions") (Table 1).
Also, gastrointestinal physiology may vary between Asian and Western populations because of differences in diet, sociocultural background, and genetic factors (12).
Although the latter study reported no similar phenotype in female H-ARKO, it is conceivable that adjustment of experimental conditions (diet, mouse background) may reveal metabolic disturbances also in female H-ARKO.
(In her childhood Ms. Witchel writes, diets were "background music to both snacking and feasting").
Under controlled rearing conditions, we manipulated diets and background reflectance, using both natural and artificial twigs, and show that visual experience has a much stronger effect than does diet in promoting precise color matching.
We determined the variation of absorption spectra of the L-M opsin alleles of a group of free-ranging spider monkeys, and measured the chromaticity and luminance of their fruit diets and background leaves as well as their close-range fruit foraging behaviors to achieve a novel, integrative study examining the utility of color vision to a natural population of New World monkeys.
In a recent review, we found that randomised controlled trials demonstrated a greater weight loss from high vegetable intake when it occurred as part of a healthy background diet, the control diet constituted 'usual intake' and behavioural support was provided.
