When care is provided by males, then for each male, his entire male brood either survives or dies, independently from other males, but his brood includes all the male offspring he has had with different females.
If female care is evolving, then for each female, her entire male brood either survives or dies, independently from other females, even from those that have mated with the same male.
For other parameters of the new cluster, the priors are given as follows: Then the existing parameters need to be updated (i = 1,…, k) by: Deaths: an existing cluster dies independently of others with a probability where L− i indicates the likelihood without the i-th cluster and L indicates the likelihood with the i-th cluster: Let N c be the number of clusters.
Risk of dying was independently associated with lower CD4 counts and starting ART as an inpatient.
Oviposition rate will be proportional to realised fecundity if the probability for dying varies independently of oviposition rate, as seems to be the case in this system since we have no results indicating that there is a cost connected to high oviposition rate at high temperatures.
Live cysts also die when treated independently with these two protease inhibitors.
Pellets were pressed in a laboratory single pellet press unit according to a D-optimal, response surface modeling (RS M experimental design, where sawdust moisture content and die temperature were varied independently for EB treatment dosages of 0, 18.2 and 48.9 kGy.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.04692.015 The tropical relapse model is assumed to begin with an initial population of N hypnozoites, each of which can either activate at rate α, or die at rate µ, independently of each other.
This birth death process starts with some initial distribution at the root of the phylogeny F and proceeds down the phylogeny in such a way that conditional on the absence/presence state of each internal node of F the microsatellites die and get (re born independently in the two clades descending from this node.
