Ceccherelli et al. [ 9] suggest several key therapeutic parameters; specific acupoints, number of needles, diameter of the needle, delivery method, depth of insertion, number of acupuncture sessions, and length of the clinical trial [ 9].
Then, the syringe pump was used to deliver the solution through a hollow needle (8#, outside diameter of the needle is 8 mm), the flow rates were 0.5 3.0 mL h−1.
This study identified specific acupoints, temporal point of needling, rotation of the needle, duration of acupuncture, and diameter of the needle as the parameters, through formalin test.
Based on these facts, this study used a formalin test and manipulated specific acupoints, temporal point of needling, rotation of the needle, duration of acupuncture, and diameter of the needle as individual therapeutic parameters.
With the use of a needle as an introducer, the maximum probe size is limited to the inside diameter of a needle that will pass through the luer tip, approximately 2.2 mm.
After subsequent rapid removal of the needle, a fixed constricted opening was created in the lumen equal to the diameter of the needle [ 5, 8, 9].
By adjusting the parameters of the single bubble generator, i.e. the diameter of the needle and the rotation speed of the peristaltic pump, the trajectories of bubbles with diameters ranging from 0.2 mm to 1.1 mm, Reynolds numbers from 40,000 to 100,000 are recorded by the high speed camera and processed by a specialized image processing and analyzed.
It seldom occurs with a properly placed needle, and it is associated with excessive movement during or after insertion, which may lead to enlargement of the entry site in the bone relative to the diameter of the needle.
