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All four of these sequences differed from each other by a single diagnostic nucleotide.
All four of these sequences differ from each other by a single diagnostic nucleotide, and the variant counts match the counts of the 4 major ISUs.
COI delivered a species identification for 98.8% of species, using either a distance-based criterion or, in cases of very low divergence (less than 0.5%), using diagnostic nucleotide substitutions.
However, we reexamined specimen 53 and found that it has two toes on some limbs and three toes on others, but it was not heterozygous for any of the otherwise diagnostic nucleotide differences between A. means and A. tridactylum.
Although discrimination was not successful for the form variants based on the mitochondrial 12S, nuclear ITS, and 28S genes, diagnostic nucleotide sequence characters were observed in their mitochondrial COI gene sequences.
In this approach, species are identified on the basis of the presence or absence of a particular diagnostic nucleotide(s), either singly (simple character) or in combination (compound characters).
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Sequences of pairs or trios of species with low divergence were analyzed by eye for the identification of diagnostic nucleotides (positions fixed within each species but different between them), which have previously proven to be robust in other species (Kerr et al., unpublished data).
Type II and III are divided by only five dispersed diagnostic nucleotides and they expanded preferentially in the different lineages.
Candidate diagnostic nucleotides were identified using nucDiag from the R package Spider 1.3-0 (Brown et al., 2012).
The different patterns of insertion and duplication in different subfamilies constitute the most diagnostic nucleotides that lead to division of the family into different subfamilies.
Therefore, the changes (diagnostic nucleotides) that occurred in the tRNA-unrelated region may not affect the efficiency of retroposition of different actively dominant source genes (subfamilies).
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