Most reports regarding PPS tumors have been based on the division of the PPS into two compartments (pre- and post-styloid) and have used the positioning of the internal carotid artery (ICA) as a diagnostic landmark [4], [6]– [9].
Therefore, although the TVS fascia, which is the true anatomic boundary of the pre-styloid and post-styloid compartments, is not visible on imaging, the TVP and the styloid process, serving as the starting and terminal attachment points, have the potential to be used as surrogates for the TVS and as a diagnostic landmark for locating PPS tumors.
It is not uncommon for a lesion detected in the PZ or TZ on mp-MRI to be sonographically occult on TRUS and, in these instances, by oversampling the corresponding location using anatomic landmarks, the diagnostic yield can be significantly improved (Fig. 16).
For this purpose, we derived wildtype, heterozygous Dazl+/− and Dazl−/− null mESC lines and directly compared germ cell differentiation, in vivo and in vitro, based on knowledge of landmark events and diagnostic gene expression patterns (Figure S1; adapted from [34]).
The mesorectal fascia is an important anatomic landmark for the diagnostic evaluation of local tumor extent [ 7] (Fig. 1b).
Diagnostic accuracy as percentage of correct landmark identification and further tracing analysis, validity and effectiveness of cephalometry in orthodontic treatment planning 3.
Diagnostic accuracy as percentage of correct landmark identification and further tracing analysis, validity and effectiveness of cephalometry in orthodontic treatment planning.
The criteria for determining if the image was diagnostic were based on identifying key anatomical landmarks to orient the expert.
To propose a novel standardized and reproducible system to be used for reporting positive and negative findings during diagnostic and operative laparoscopy based on anatomical landmarks.
