Agreement between questionnaire-based and expert ("gold-standard") diagnoses is usually low for probable diagnoses (empirically, as noted above, questionnaire rates of probable diagnoses are much higher than expert rates), but much higher for definite and probable combined.
Experience, however, shows that in disease-endemic communities Buruli ulcer is readily diagnosed empirically.
Two of the HSCT patients had positive TB cultures and in the third patient, TI was diagnosed empirically.
Although history and physical examination suffice to diagnose it empirically, further diagnostic evaluation is needed in certain cases for confirming the diagnosis and assessing its severity.
Currently, doctors diagnose LNM empirically based on the size of lymph nodes which relies on various imaging methods, such as endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), abdominal ultrasound, multi-slice spiral computerized tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission computed Tomography (PET).
One hundred and twenty seven (43.5%) diagnoses were made empirically based on clinical presentation and response to anti- Pneumocystis treatment.
Due to striking similarities to congenital chloridorrhea (CCD) reported in neonates, we empirically diagnosed acquired chloridorrhea (ACD, chloride diarrhea).
There exist a number of methods for empirically diagnosing convergence to the steady-state distribution [ 40, 41].
"What Ednos really demonstrates," said Dr. Johnson, at Laureate in Tulsa, "is that we don't have empirically derived diagnoses in psychiatry.
Practical difficulties in reliably distinguishing between the two pathogens means that, in practice, many malaria cases will be diagnosed clinically and treated empirically [12], [18].
However, it should be noted that in this latter study, the DSM-oriented scales of the CBCL for ODD, CD, and ADHD did not show greater correspondence with corresponding clinical diagnoses than the CBCL empirically derived syndrome scales of aggressive behavior, rule-breaking behavior, and attention problems.
