The devices have been characterized statically and dynamically.
The MIM devices have been characterized and modeled by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and charge-discharge transients.
The response time of the devices have been characterized using Nd YAG laser, optical parametric generator with pulse width <25 ps and fast oscilloscope with suitable transimpedance amplifier as a function of detector design, temperature and bias.
The MR damper is a semi-active control device and has been characterized by a set of non-linear differential equations which represent a forward model of the MR damper, i.e., the model can generate a force to a given displacement and applied voltage.
By regulating both the transmission power of the emitting devices (which has been characterized in a spectrum analyzer) and the noise level at the noise generator, different noise conditions in the channel were emulated.
The cross-layout temperature distribution caused by power dissipations in devices and by interconnect Joule heating has been characterized and taken into account in the full-chip EM assessment methodology.
During this time, which has been characterized as the "novelty period," emphasis fell on the projection device itself, and films achieved their main popularity as self-contained vaudeville attractions.
"It has been characterized by small steps.
It has been characterized and mischaracterized.
